Monday, August 24, 2009

The Date of Christ's Baptism

There is a prophecy in the Book of Daniel that tells when the Christ will be anointed with the Holy Spirit.

24
Seventy weeks have been determined upon thy people, and upon the Holy City, for sin to be ended, and to seal up transgressions, and to blot out the iniquities, and to make atonement for iniquities, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal the vision and the prophet, and to anoint the Most Holy.

25
And thou shalt know and understand, that from the going forth of the command for the answer and for the building of Jerusalem until Christ the Prince there shall be seven weeks, and sixty-two weeks; and then the time shall return, and the street shall be built, and the wall, and the times shall be exhausted.

26
And after the sixty-two weeks, the Anointed One shall be destroyed, and there is no judgment in Him: and He shall destroy the city and the sanctuary with the prince that is coming: they shall be cut off with a flood, and to the end of the war which is rapidly completed He shall appoint the city to desolations.

27
And one week shall establish the covenant with many: and in the midst of the week My sacrifice and drink-offering shall be taken away: and on the Temple shall be the abomination of desolations; and at the end of time an end shall be put to the desolation. (Dan. 10:24-27, LXX; Dan. 9:24-27, Hebrew)


There are 70 weeks mentioned in this prophecy. (verse 24) A week contains seven days. So, the prophecy is about 490 days. Each day of the 490 days represents a year. So, the time period spoken of is 490 years long. The 70 weeks are "for sin to be ended, and to seal up transgressions, and to blot out the iniquities, and to make atonement for iniquities, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal the vision and the prophet, and to anoint the Most Holy." This prophecy is clearly, then, about Jesus Christ and not the Ant-Christ. The Anti-Christ will not put an end to sin, seal up transgressions, or blot out iniquities. Jesus did. Through the blood of Christ we do have forgiveness of sins. That is the teaching of St. Paul in his epistles.

In whom we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of His grace. (Eph. 1:7)

Giving thanks unto the Father, which hath made us meet to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light: who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the Kingdom of His dear Son:  in whom we have redemption through His blood, even the forgiveness of sins. (Col. 1:12-14)

And you, being dead in your sins and the uncircumcision of your flesh, hath He quickened together with Him, having forgiven you all trespasses; blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to His Cross. (Col. 2:13,14)


He sacrificed Himself for our sins.

By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. And every priest standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins: but this Man, after He had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God. (Heb. 10:10-12)


He bore our sins in His body on the tree (that is, the Cross).

For even hereunto were ye called: because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that ye should follow His steps:  who did no sin, neither was guile found in His mouth: who, when He was reviled, reviled not again; when He suffered, He threatened not; but committed Himself to Him that judgeth righteously:  who His own self bare our sins in His own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness: by whose stripes ye were healed. (I Pet. 2:21-24)

In verse 25 of this prophecy in Daniel, there is mention made of 7 weeks (that is, 7 x 7 years) and 62 weeks (that is, 62 x 7 years). 7 x7 = 49. 62 x 7=434. 49 + 434 = 483 years. The "command for the answer and for the building of Jerusalem" is a Persian king's decree to rebuild Jerusalem. There are three decrees made by Persian kings to rebuild Jerusalem. One was made in 536 B.C. The other two were made in 457 B.C. and 444 B.C. (See p. 349, Halley's Bible Handbook.) According to verse 25 of this prophecy, there are 483 years from that decree until Christ the Prince.

536 - 483 = 53. I do not know of anyone who claimed to be the Christ in 53 B.C. This is most likely not the decree that this prophecy in the Book of Daniel is referring to.

444 - 483 = -39. I do not know of anyone in history who claimed to be the Christ in 39 A.D., but there were people in Israel who were claiming that Jesus is the Christ during that time. He had already died, arisen from the dead, and ascended into Heaven, however. I do not think that the decree issued by a Persian king in 444 B.C. is the one that this prophecy is referring to.

457 - 483 = 26 A.D. According to St. Matthew's Gospel, Jesus was born in Bethlehem during the reign of King Herod the Great.

Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judaea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came wise men from the East to Jerusalem. (St. Matt. 2:1)

The last year of King Herod's reign was 4 B.C. In St. Luke's Gospel, it says:

Now when all the people were baptized, it came to pass, that Jesus also being baptized, and praying, the Heaven was opened, and the Holy Ghost descended in a bodily shape like a dove upon Him, and a voice came from Heaven, which said, Thou art My beloved Son; in thee I am well pleased. And Jesus Himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, which was the son of Heli. (St. Luke 3:21-23)


According to St. Luke's Gospel, Jesus was about 30 years old when He was baptized. 30 + (-4) = 26. Jesus Christ was born in 4 B.C. and baptized in 26 A.D. St. Matthew gives this account of Jesus' baptism.

Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto John, to be baptized of him. But John forbad Him, saying, I have need to be baptized of Thee, and comest Thou to me? And Jesus answering said unto him, Suffer it to be so now: for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then he suffered Him. And Jesus, when He was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the Heavens were opened unto Him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon Him: and lo a voice from Heaven, saying, This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. (St. Matt. 3:13-17)


The Holy Spirit descended upon Jesus after He came up out of the water. Jesus was anointed with the Holy Spirit after His baptism. The words, "anoint the Most Holy," in verse 24 were fulfilled at Jesus' baptism when He was anointed with the Holy Spirit. Jesus is "the Most Holy." The demons called Him "the Holy One of God." (St. Mark 1:24; St. Luke 4:34) St. John the Theologian gave this account of Jesus' baptism.

The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world.  This is He of whom I said, After me cometh a Man which is preferred before me: for He was before me. And I knew Him not: but that He should be made manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water. And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending from Heaven like a dove, and it abode upon Him. And I knew Him not: but He that sent me to baptize with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending, and remaining on Him, the same is He which baptizeth with the Holy Ghost. And I saw, and bare record that this is the Son of God. Again the next day after John stood, and two of His disciples; and looking upon Jesus as He walked, he saith, Behold the Lamb of God! (St. John 1:28-36)


St. John the Baptist called Jesus the Lamb of God. He said that Jesus is the one who takes away the sin of the world. According to St. Luke's Gospel, St. John the Baptist was born six months before Jesus was. When the Virgin Mary had just become pregnant with Jesus, the Archangel Gabriel told her that her kinswoman Elizabeth was already six months pregnant.

And, behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived a son in her old age: and this is the sixth month with her, who was called barren. (St. Luke 1:36)


A pregnancy lasts nine months. St. John the Baptist was born three months after the Virgin Mary became pregnant with Jesus. Six months after St. John was born, Mary gave birth to Jesus. In the account of Jesus' baptism given by St. John the Theologian, St. John the Baptist said that Jesus was before him. St. John the Baptist acknowledged that Jesus pre-existed him although he was six months older than Jesus. Once again, I recall the prophecy in the Book of Micah.

And thou, Bethleem, house of Ephratha, art few in number to be reckoned among the thousands of Juda; yet out of thee shall one come forth to Me, to be a ruler of Israel; and His goings forth were from the beginning, even from eternity. (Micah 5:2,3, LXX)


The Christ, according to this prophecy, would be born in Bethlehem, but would have pre-existed His own birth. "His goings forth were from the beginning, even from eternity."

As for St. John the Baptist's veracity, many of the Jews believed that he was a prophet.

And it came to pass, that on one of those days, as He taught the people in the Temple, and preached the Gospel, the chief priests and the scribes came upon Him with the elders, and spake unto Him, saying, Tell us, by what authority doest Thou these things? Or who is he that gave Thee this authority? And He answered and said unto them, I will also ask you one thing; and answer Me: the baptism of John, was it from Heaven, or of men? And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From Heaven; He will say, Why then believed ye him not? But and if we say, Of men; all the people will stone us: for they be persuaded that John was a prophet. And they answered, that they could not tell whence it was. And Jesus said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things. (St. Luke 20:1-8)


St. John was regarded by many of the Jews as being a prophet. He said at Jesus' baptism that Jesus is the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world and the one who baptizes people with the Holy Spirit.

The last two verses of the prophecy speak about the death of Christ that occurred in the middle of the final week, the destruction of Jerusalem by the Roman general Titus in 70 A.D., and the three and a half year reign of the Anti-Christ before Jesus Christ returns from Heaven to judge the world. Jesus' ministry began after His baptism. It lasted three and a half years. That three and a half year period of His ministry is the first half of the final week of the 70 weeks. (Each day of the week is a year.) Although Jesus, the Anointed One, was destroyed (that is, died), "there was no judgment in Him." (verse 26) Pilate said after he examined Jesus:

Behold, I bring Him forth to you, that ye may know that I find no fault in Him. (St. John 19:4)


Jesus was not guilty of having committed any crimes, but He was tried for crimes.

In verse 27, it says that the Christ would establish a covenant with many. The covenant that the Christ established with many is the New Covenant. St. Matthew recorded that on the night before Jesus was crucified He instituted a New Covenant in His blood.

And He took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; for this is My blood of the New Testament (or Covenant), which is shed for many for the remission of sins. (St. Matt. 26:27,28)


The Greek word that is translated "Testament" in this verse is diatheke. It is translated "covenant" in several other places in the New Testament. (for example: Acts 7:8; Rom. 9:4; Gal. 4:24; Eph. 2:12; Heb. 9:17; 10:16)

The seven weeks in verse 25 is the time it took the Jews to build the Temple.

Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this Temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days? (St. John 2:20)


That the Temple accordingly was built in seven weeks, is evident; for it is written in Esdras. (The Stromata, Book I, chapter 21, by Clement of Alexandria, 153-217 A.D., vol. 2, p. 329, Ante-Nicene Fathers)


I do not know where in I Esdras, Ezra, or Nehemiah it says that the Temple was built in 49 years. Maybe, Clement calculated it to be forty-nine years based on various events that were recorded in those books. The Jews told Jesus that it took forty-six years to build the Temple. Maybe the additional three years that is needed for it to be forty-nine are the years it took to plan the construction of the Temple.

In verse 26, it says: "He shall destroy the city and the sanctuary with the prince that is coming." Jesus prophesied about the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple a few days before His crucifixion.

And Jesus went out, and departed from the Temple: and His disciples came to Him for to shew Him the buildings of the Temple. And Jesus said unto them, See ye not all these things? Verily I say unto you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down. (St. Matt. 24:1,2)


In 70 A.D., the Roman general Titus led a Roman army in an assault against Jerusalem. The Temple was destroyed by them. It has never been rebuilt. Jerusalem was destroyed, too. The abomination of desolations in verse 27 of the prophecy refers to Titus defiling the Temple Sanctuary. The last half of the final week of this prophecy (that is, the last three and a half years) probably refers to the three and a half year reign of Anti-Christ before Jesus Christ's Second Coming.

There was no one who fits the description of Christ the Prince in 53 B.C. There was no one who fits the description of Christ the Prince in 39 A.D. There was someone who fits the description of Christ the Prince in 26 A.D. His name is Jesus Christ of Nazareth.

Steve

Bibliography

Ante-Nicene Fathers,
edited by Alexander Roberts, D.D. & James Donaldson, LL.D., volumes 1-10, Hendrickson Publishers, Peabody, Massachusetts

Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, First Series,
edited by Philip Schaff, D.D., LL.D., volumes 1-14, Hendrickson Publishers, Inc., Peabody, Massachusetts

Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series,
edited by Philip Schaff, D.D., LL.D. & Henry Wace, D.D., volumes 1-14, Hendrickson Publishers, Inc., Peabody, Massachusetts

Halley's Bible Handbook,
by Henry H. Halley, published by Zondervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, copyright 1965 by Halley's Bible Handbook, Inc.

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